The Dual-Copolymer Proof of Evolution
Living things are composed of cells.
Most cell structures are formed or synthesized and most other cell functions are performed by the molecules called proteins.
Proteins are polymers, complex chain-like molecules, each synthesized by the chemical bonding or polymerizing together of many smaller molecules called their monomers, the monomers of the proteins being called amino acids.
Proteins are also copolymers, polymers polymerized from monomers of more than one kind, amino acids of twenty different kinds being commonly found incorporated into them.
Proteins are synthesized by cells using, and their amino acid orders—and therefore their conformations (coiled structures), and therefore their shapes, mechanical properties and surface structures, and therefore their functions—are determined by, copolymers called nucleic acids—DNA and RNAs—which serve as templates not only to synthesize proteins but also new copies of themselves, so that they can be passed down to new cells and organisms, in genetic inheritance.
Every living thing of every species on our planet uses its cell proteins to do most of its work, and its cell nucleic acids to synthesize its proteins and inherit and pass on its proteins' amino acid orders and therefore its biological traits in heredity.
Such universally-shared dual-copolymer usage proves that all living things of every species on our planet are related.
Since all living things and species on our planet are related, we must share a common ancestry.
And such common ancestry and later divergence of our species is called evolution.
The biological and evolutionary significance of such universal use by living things of proteins and nucleic acids is too often passed over for the less fundamental but much more famous ongoing analysis of relationships between proteins and nucleic acids used by different species, which relationships are themselves of course not only so many more evidences, but which have provided detailed evidence as to the exact course(s), of evolution.
(See also my MeSeBlog—in slow progress.)
Keywords: amino acids, biology, cells, copolymers, evolution, nucleic acids, polymers, proteins
Most cell structures are formed or synthesized and most other cell functions are performed by the molecules called proteins.
Proteins are polymers, complex chain-like molecules, each synthesized by the chemical bonding or polymerizing together of many smaller molecules called their monomers, the monomers of the proteins being called amino acids.
Proteins are also copolymers, polymers polymerized from monomers of more than one kind, amino acids of twenty different kinds being commonly found incorporated into them.
Proteins are synthesized by cells using, and their amino acid orders—and therefore their conformations (coiled structures), and therefore their shapes, mechanical properties and surface structures, and therefore their functions—are determined by, copolymers called nucleic acids—DNA and RNAs—which serve as templates not only to synthesize proteins but also new copies of themselves, so that they can be passed down to new cells and organisms, in genetic inheritance.
Every living thing of every species on our planet uses its cell proteins to do most of its work, and its cell nucleic acids to synthesize its proteins and inherit and pass on its proteins' amino acid orders and therefore its biological traits in heredity.
Such universally-shared dual-copolymer usage proves that all living things of every species on our planet are related.
Since all living things and species on our planet are related, we must share a common ancestry.
And such common ancestry and later divergence of our species is called evolution.
The biological and evolutionary significance of such universal use by living things of proteins and nucleic acids is too often passed over for the less fundamental but much more famous ongoing analysis of relationships between proteins and nucleic acids used by different species, which relationships are themselves of course not only so many more evidences, but which have provided detailed evidence as to the exact course(s), of evolution.
(See also my MeSeBlog—in slow progress.)
Keywords: amino acids, biology, cells, copolymers, evolution, nucleic acids, polymers, proteins
posted by John Kennard at 5:37 PM
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